Discover The History Of Figure Skating!

Learn all about the fascinating world of figure skating history with Skate Guard Blog. Explore a treasure trove of articles on the history of figure skating, highlighting Olympic Medallists, World and National Champions and dazzling competitions, shows and tours. Written by former skater and judge Ryan Stevens, Skate Guard Blog also offers intriguing insights into the evolution of the sport over the decades. Delve into Stevens' five books for even more riveting stories and information about the history of everyone's favourite winter Olympic sport.

A Midsummer Night's Ice Dream

Poster for the video release of "A Midsummer Night's Ice Dream"

"If we shadows have offended,
Think but this, and all is mended,
That you have but slumber'd here
While these visions did appear."

- Excerpt from "A Midsummer Night's Dream"

Penned in the late sixteenth century by William Shakespeare, "A Midsummer Night's Dream" is without a doubt one of the most famous plays in history. Though the play has been performed thousands of times on the world's most iconic stages, it wasn't until the late twentieth century that the play was first translated to the ice. Though it was earlier used as a theme of an ice show at Sea World San Diego in the summer of 1988, the first large-scale adaptation of the legendary play took place four years later at the Granite Curling Club in Edmonton, Alberta.

Michael Slipchuk and Kevin Cottam in rehearsals for "A Midsummer Night's Ice Dream"
Michael Slipchuk and Kevin Cottam

Presented by the National Ice Theatre Of Canada, "A Midsummer Night's Ice Dream" debuted from August 16 to 23 as part of the Edmonton Fringe Festival. The brainchild of choreographer Kevin Cottam, it was the first figure skating production in the Edmonton Fringe Festival's eleven year history at the time. Uniquely, Cottam set Shakespeare's play in a subway station, focusing "on the Changeling boy's relationship with the bickering royal couple, Oberon and Titania", according to the August 13, 1992 issue of the "Edmonton Journal". The stars of the Fringe production (Michael Slipchuk, Cameron Medhurst, Anisette Torp-Lind, J.P. Martin, Mark Schmitke and Allison McLean and Konrad Schaub) honed their acting skills with Jan Miller. An original score was composed, recorded and performed by Jan Randall. 

Though the production was wildly popular with Fringe audiences and sold out for all thirteen performances, the reviews weren't all favourable. Theatre critic Christopher Dafoe, covering the show in the August 19, 1992 of "The Globe And Mail", was less than complimentary: "As dance theatre, Ice Dream is, well, a wonderful bit of figure skating. As Puck, the only character in the production who speaks, Australian skater Cameron Medhurst sounds like he's about to deliver an off-colour joke about sheilas and kangaroos. J.P. Martin and Anisette Torp-Lind show some flash as Oberon and Titania, the king and queen of the underworld, but the rest of the skaters, including Canadian champion Michael Slipchuk - he plays Bottom as a janitor - play their parts with the emotional range of a Zamboni. Jan Randall's score is a patchwork of pop, jazz and classical themes that sound as if they were all processed through the same synthesizer and Allison Warman's body-conscious costume design has the unfortunate effect of making the fairies look like extras in Flashdance. Still, there's no arguing with success and now that the Fringe has dipped its toe into sports theatre, we can no doubt expect a flood of jock thespians. Look forward to Kurt Browning as a giant insect in an adaptation of Kafka's Metamorph-Ice. Silken Laumann sculling the North Saskatchewan River in a distaff production of Three Men In A Boat. And, of course, Michael Jordan starring in Nike Theatre's full-court production of Arthur Miller's classic Death of A Pitchman."

Performers in "A Midsummer Night's Ice Dream"

Despite Dafoe's criticisms, in May 1994 the production was adapted for television by Tohaventa Holdings with an all-star cast, including Liz Manley, Yuka Sato and Jozef Sabovčík. Australian Champion Cameron Medhurst reprised his role as Puck. Filming for the ninety minute television special took place in Spruce Grove, Alberta.

Elizabeth Manley having her makeup done for "A Midsummer Night's Ice Dream"

The show was picked up for national broadcast in Canada and later shown on PBS in the United States. It won an Alberta Film and Television Award for Musical or Variety in 1995. Although "A Midsummer Night's Ice Dream" and the National Ice Theatre of Canada's other two taped productions have since somewhat fallen into obscurity, they speak to an important era in Canadian figure skating history when creativity was at a peak and opportunities existed for experimentation and artistic growth.

Skate Guard is a blog dedicated to preserving the rich, colourful and fascinating history of figure skating. Over ten years, the blog has featured over a thousand free articles covering all aspects of the sport's history, as well as four compelling in-depth features. To read the latest articles, follow the blog on FacebookTwitterPinterest and YouTube. If you enjoy Skate Guard, please show your support for this archive by ordering a copy of the figure skating reference books "The Almanac of Canadian Figure Skating", "Technical Merit: A History of Figure Skating Jumps" and "A Bibliography of Figure Skating": https://skateguard1.blogspot.com/p/buy-book.html.

Approach The Bench: Canada's Olympic And World Judges

Graphic of a Skate Canada judge's work sheet used under the IJS System
Photo courtesy Skate Canada

"Hundreds of hours spent in freezing cold rinks... Early mornings, late nights..." Those words could easily describe the careers of any of Canada's top figure skaters, but they equally apply to the grossly underappreciated Canadians who have dedicated the better part of their lives to officiating the sport. Today's Skate Guard blog highlights the judges, referees and technical specialists who have represented The True North strong and free on the world's biggest stages.

CANADA'S OLYMPIC OFFICIALS

Year

Men's

Women's

Pairs

Ice Dance

Team Event

1932

J. Cecil McDougall

J. Cecil McDougall

(none)

N/A

N/A

1936

John Z. Machado*

(none)

(none)

N/A

N/A

1948

Melville Rogers

Melville Rogers

Melville Rogers

N/A

N/A

1952

Norman V.S. Gregory

Donald Gilchrist

Donald Gilchrist

N/A

N/A

1956

Ralph McCreath

Ralph McCreath

Ralph McCreath

N/A

N/A

1960

John Greig

John Greig

John Greig

N/A

N/A

1964

Bill Lewis

Suzanne (Morrow) Francis

Suzanne (Morrow) Francis

N/A

N/A

1968

Ralph McCreath

(none)

Ralph McCreath, Donald Gilchrist (AR)

N/A

N/A

1972

Donald B. Cruikshank

Joan MacLagan

Joan MacLagan, Donald Gilchrist (AR)

N/A

N/A

1976

Suzanne (Morrow) Francis

Ralph McCreath, Donald Gilchrist (R)

Ralph McCreath

Dorothy Leamen

N/A

1980

Alice Pinos

Donald Gilchrist (AR)

Dennis McFarlane

Suzanne (Morrow) Francis

N/A

1984

Margaret (Crosland) Berezowski, Donald Gilchrist (R)

Norris Bowden

David Dore

Ann Shaw

N/A

1988

Jean Matthews

Dennis McFarlane, Donald Gilchrist (R)

Suzanne (Morrow) Francis

Ann Shaw

N/A

1992

Jean Matthews

Mary Pearson

Dennis McFarlane

Bill McLachlan

N/A

1994

Elizabeth Clark

Audrey Williams

Frances Dafoe

Jean Senft

N/A

1998

Sally Rehorick

(none)

John Greenwood

Jean Senft

N/A

2002

(none)

Debbie Islam

Benoit Lavoie

Ann Shaw (AR)

N/A

2006

William Thompson

Benoit Lavoie, Michael Slipchuk (TS)

William Thompson, David Moellenkamp (ATS)

John Greenwood, Marie Bowness (ATS)

N/A

2010

Debbie Islam

Cynthia Benson

Andrea Derby, David Moellenkamp (TS)

Jodi Abbott

N/A

2014

(none)

Karen Howard

Karen Butcher

Jodi Abbott

Karen Butcher

2018

Janice Hunter

Nicole LeBlanc-Richard

(none)

Leanna Caron

Janice Hunter, Leanna Caron

2022

Cynthia Benson

Janice Hunter, Kelly Cruickshank (ATS)Andrea DerbyNicole LeBlanc-RichardNicole LeBlanc-Richard, Andrea Derby, Kelly Cruickshank (ATS)

*John Z. Machado withdrew from the judging panel halfway through the men's event at the 1936 Winter Olympic Games in Garmisch-Partenkirchen due to illness and was replaced by a German judge.

CANADA'S WORLD OFFICIALS

Year

Men's

Women's

Pairs

Ice Dance

1930

J. Cecil McDougall

J. Cecil McDougall

J. Cecil McDougall

N/A

1931

(none)

(none)

(none)

N/A

1932

Norman Mackie Scott

Norman Mackie Scott

Norman Mackie Scott

N/A

1933

(none)

(none)

(none)

N/A

1934

(none)

(none)

(none)

N/A

1935

(none)

(none)

(none)

N/A

1936

(none)

(none)

(none)

N/A

1937

(none)

(none)

(none)

N/A

1938

(none)

(none)

(none)

N/A

1939

(none)

(none)

(none)

N/A

1947

(none)

Donald B. Cruikshank

(none)

N/A

1948

Melville Rogers

Melville Rogers

Melville Rogers

N/A

1949

(none)

(none)

(none)

N/A

1950

Norman V.S. Gregory

Norman V.S. Gregory

Norman V.S. Gregory

(none)

1951

Donald Gilchrist

Donald Gilchrist

Donald Gilchrist

(none)

1952

Donald Gilchrist

Norman V.S. Gregory

Donald Gilchrist

Norman V.S. Gregory

1953

John Greig

John Greig

John Greig

(none)

1954

Melville Rogers

Melville Rogers

Melville Rogers

(none)

1955

Donald Gilchrist

Donald Gilchrist

Donald Gilchrist

(none)

1956

Ralph McCreath

Ralph McCreath

Ralph McCreath

(none)

1957

Pierrette Paquin Devine

Sandy McKechnie

Sandy McKechnie

Pierrette Paquin Devine

1958

Nigel Stephens

Gordon Jeffery

Nigel Stephens

Gordon Jeffery

1959

Donald Gilchrist

Pierrette Paquin Devine

Donald Gilchrist

Pierrette Paquin Devine

1960

Bill Lewis

Bill Lewis

Bill Lewis

Sandy McKechnie

1962

Norman V.S. Gregory

Melville Rogers

Melville Rogers

Norman V.S. Gregory

1963

Sandy McKechnie

Dick McLaughlin

Dick McLaughlin

Sandy McKechnie

1964

Pierrette Paquin Devine

Donald Gilchrist

Donald Gilchrist

Pierrette Paquin Devine

1965

Bill Lewis

Ralph McCreath

Ralph McCreath

Dorothy Leamen

1966

Suzanne (Morrow) Francis

Joan MacLagan

Suzanne (Morrow) Francis

Dorothy Leamen

1967

Donald Gilchrist

Donald B. Cruikshank

Donald Gilchrist

Frances (Abbott) Gunn

1968

Bill Lewis

Joan MacLagan

Bill Lewis

Frances (Abbott) Gunn

1969

Dorothy Leamen, Donald Gilchrist (R)

Donald B. Cruikshank

Dorothy Leamen

Barbara Lane

1970

Audrey Williams

Ralph McCreath

Ralph McCreath

George J. Blundun

1971

Donald Gilchrist (AR)

Barbara Graham

(none)

George J. Blundun

1972

Bill Lewis, Donald Gilchrist (R)

Suzanne (Morrow) Francis

Suzanne (Morrow) Francis

Audrey Moore

1973

Dorothy Leamen

Joan MacLagan

Alice Pinos, Donald Gilchrist (AR)

Frances (Abbott) Gunn

1974

Dorothy Leamen

David Dore

Dorothy Leamen, Donald Gilchrist (R)

Audrey Moore

1975

Ralph McCreath, Donald Gilchrist (AR)

Bill Lewis

Audrey Williams

Pierrette Paquin Devine

1976

Joan MacLagan

David Dore

Dorothy MacLeod, Donald Gilchrist (R)

George J. Blundun (AR), Joyce Hisey (S)

1977

David Dore

Norris Bowden

David Dore, Donald Gilchrist (R)

Joyce Hisey, George J. Blundun (AR)

1978

Dorothy MacLeod

Margaret (Crosland) Berezowski, David Dore (AR)

Norris Bowden, Donald Gilchrist (AR)

Roy Haines, George J. Blundun (R)

1979

Margaret (Crosland) Berezowski

Suzanne (Morrow) Francis

Suzanne (Morrow) Francis

Dennis McFarlane

1980

David Dore

Donald Gilchrist (AR)

Audrey Williams

Suzanne (Morrow) Francis

1981

Donald Gilchrist (R)

David Dore

Dorothy MacLeod

Joyce Hisey

1982

Norris Bowden, Dennis McFarlane (S)

Margaret (Crosland) Berezowski, Dennis McFarlane (S)

Norris Bowden

Joyce Hisey

1983

Margaret (Crosland) Berezowski

Margaret (Crosland) Berezowski

Suzanne (Morrow) Francis, Donald Gilchrist (R)

Ann Shaw

1984

Margaret (Crosland) Berezowski

(none)

Frances Dafoe, Donald Gilchrist (R)

Suzanne (Morrow) Francis, Joyce Hisey (AR)

1985

Norris Bowden

Jean Matthews

Frances Dafoe, Donald Gilchrist (AR)

Dennis McFarlane

1986

Jean Matthews

(none)

Ralph McCreath, Donald Gilchrist (R)

Bill McLachlan

1987

Jean Matthews

Donald Gilchrist (R)

Frances Dafoe

Suzanne (Morrow) Francis

1988

Jean Matthews

Audrey Moore

Suzanne (Morrow) Francis

Ann Shaw

1989

Jean Matthews

(none)

Audrey Williams, Donald Gilchrist (R)

Dennis McFarlane

1990

Audrey Williams (AR)

(none)

Frances Dafoe, Donald Gilchrist (R)

Jane Garden

1991

Mary Pearson

Jane Garden

Audrey Williams (S)

Joyce Hisey (AR)

1992

Jane Garden

(none)

Frances Dafoe (S)

(none)

1993

Elizabeth Clark

(none)

Frances Dafoe

(none)

1994

(none)

Margaret (Crosland) Berezowski

Susan Heffernan

Joyce Hisey (R)

1995

(none)

John Greenwood

Sally Rehorick (S)

Jane Garden, Ann Shaw (AR)

1996

Mary Pearson

(none)

Susan Blatz

Jean Senft, Ann Shaw (AR)

1997

Sally Rehorick

(none)

Debbie Islam

John Greenwood

1998

(none)

Susan Heffernan

(none)

Ann Shaw (R)

1999

(none)

(none)

Jane Garden

Elizabeth Clark

2000

Jane Garden

(none)

Susan Blatz

Elizabeth Clark

2001

Debbie Islam

John Greenwood (R)

Benoit Lavoie

Ann Shaw (AR)

2002

William Thompson

(none)

Sally Rehorick

John Greenwood (AR)

2003

Beth Crane

(none)

William Thompson, John Greenwood (R)

Elizabeth Clark

2004

Jean Senft

(none)

Sally Rehorick

Elizabeth Clark, Ann Shaw (R)

2005

Benoit Lavoie, Michael Slipchuk (TS)

(none)

Susan Blatz, Debbi Wilkes (ATS)

Marie Bowness (ATS)

2006

Debbie Islam, Benoit Lavoie (C)

Michael Slipchuk (TS)

Cynthia Benson, John Greenwood (R)

(none)

2007

Debbie Islam

Debbie Islam, Ravi Walia (TS)

Susan Heffernan, David Moellenkamp (ATS)

(none)

2008

Sally Rehorick (C)

Janice Hunter

Debbie Islam, David Moellenkamp (TS)

(none)

2009

(none)

Susan Heffernan (R)

Andrea Derby

(none)

2010

Ravi Walia (TS)

(none)

(none)

(none)

2011

(none)

(none)

(none)

Elizabeth Clark

2012

Ravi Walia (TS)

(none)

Andrea Derby

Jodi Abbott, Marie Bowness (TS)

2013

Beth Crane (C)

Susan Heffernan (R)

Karen Butcher, Jamie McGrigor (ATS)

Marie Bowness (TS)

2014

Benoit Lavoie

Cynthia Benson, Sally Rehorick (C)

Susan Heffernan

Leslie Keen, Shae Zukiwsky (TS)

2015

Beth Crane, Kelly Cruikshank (ATS)

(none)

Karen Howard

Rock Lemay (TS)

2016

Andrea Derby

Jean Senft, Benoit Lavoie (R), Jamie McGrigor (TS)

Benoit Lavoie

(none)

2017

Jeff Lukasik

Leanna Caron

Sally Rehorick

Nicole LeBlanc-Richard

2018

Susan Blatz, Sally Rehorick (R)

Lynne Dey

Karen Howard

Jean Senft, Marie Bowness (TS)

2019

Cynthia Benson

(none)

Andre-Marc Allain, Beth Crane (R)

Jodi Abbott (R)

2021

Ravi Walia (TS)

(none)

(none)

Marie Bowness (TS)

2022

Debbie Islam, Cynthia Benson (TC)

Karen HowardVéronique Gosselin(none)

2023

(none)

Beth Crane (TC)Leanna Caron, Laurene Collin-Knoblauch (ATS)(none)

Skate Guard is a blog dedicated to preserving the rich, colourful and fascinating history of figure skating. Over ten years, the blog has featured over a thousand free articles covering all aspects of the sport's history, as well as four compelling in-depth features. To read the latest articles, follow the blog on FacebookTwitterPinterest and YouTube. If you enjoy Skate Guard, please show your support for this archive by ordering a copy of figure skating reference books "The Almanac of Canadian Figure Skating", "Technical Merit: A History of Figure Skating Jumps" and "A Bibliography of Figure Skating": https://skateguard1.blogspot.com/p/buy-book.html

The Moonah Glaciarium

Advertisement for the Moonah Glaciarium, the first artificial open-air ice skating rink in the Southern Hemisphere
Photo courtesy National Library Of Australia

On October 24, 1950, three thousand people gathered in Moonah, Australia for the grand opening of a novel attraction: a rink hailed as the first artificial open-air ice skating rink in the Southern Hemisphere. 

At the Moonah Glaciarium's opening, Tasmania's longest-serving Premier Robert Cosgrove remarked that the tourist attraction had been "erected by Tasmanian courage, Tasmanian energy and Tasmanian money." As Australian Champions Gweneth Molony and Adrian Swan gave performances of solo and pairs skating, the people of Moonah marvelled at a sport many had never even seen before. 

Photograph of Australian Figure Skating Champion Gweneth Molony
Photo courtesy "Skating World" magazine

The Moonah Glaciarium was the brainchild of a company called Tasmanian Glaciarium Ltd. Its technical advisor was a man named A.J. Flach, who had previously established seven artificial rinks in Europe. The Glaciarium's manager was Rowland Worsley, a former Tasmanian forestry minister. Ted Molony, who was affiliated with the Melbourne Glaciarium, served as an associate director. The Glaciarium was attached to a joinery works and timber mill on Main Road and its ice surface measured one hundred and eighty-five by eighty five-feet. It was open every day from eight in the morning to eleven at night.

Photograph of skaters at the Moonah Glaciarium in Tasmania
Photo courtesy National Library Of Australia

Over thirty-seven thousand patrons passed through the gates in the first three months that the Moonah Glaciarium was open. Though the influx of customers (fueled mostly by curiosity) certainly brought in money, the venue was largely funded by government loans and faced financial difficulties from the onset. 

Photograph of skaters at the Moonah Glaciarium in Tasmania
Photo courtesy "Skating World" magazine

The weather was also a major issue. The first summer the Moonah Glaciarium was open, temperatures reached record highs. The scorching heat, which alternated with spells of rain, forced Rowland Worsley to get creative and find a solution to maintain the ice's quality. A letter from one Mr. Foster to Cyril Beastall, the editor of "Skating World" magazine, noted, "To protect the ice during the heat of summer days, light covers built from pine and impregnated Sisalcraft, fitted on sleigh-runners and assembled in sections, have been used. This arrangement keeps the ice in perfect condition at a very low cost in refrigeration power. Though temperatures of over eighty degrees have been experienced, no difficulties have been encountered."

Advertisement for the Moonah Glaciarium in Tasmania
Photo courtesy National Library Of Australia

Interest in skating in Tasmania flourished and a restaurant serving afternoon tea and supper was added to the Moonah Glaciarium. The people of Hobart invested nearly thirty thousand pounds in ice skates and The Friends' School established skating lessons for its students. In December of 1950, the first hockey game in Tasmania was held. Soon, speed skating races were organized and The Hobart Skating Club was formed. An instructor named Lois Henty was hired to teach the people of Tasmania the difference between a sit spin and a Salchow. At the Glaciarium's carnivals, skaters like Gweneth, Pat and Ted Molony, Nancy Hallam and Ann MacGillicuddy wowed audiences. The December 30, 1950 of "The Mercury" reported on one carnival thusly: "One of the highlights was the flying of a model plane from the ice for the first time in Australia. The plane was flown by Mr. R. Wilson of the Hobart Model Aero Club. Miss Jan Levis, of Hobart, won a prize for being 'the most attractive girl on the ice.'"

Headline about a fire at the Moonah Glaciarium in Tasmania

Photograph of fire damage at the Moonah Glaciarium in Tasmania
Photos courtesy National Library Of Australia

Though skating couldn't have been any more popular in Tasmania in 1952, things behind the scenes at the Moonah Glaciarium were far from rosy. The management were really struggling financially, with tens of thousands of pounds in government loans looming over the heads. Late at night on August 2, 1952, there was a fire in one of the Glaciarium's changing rooms. Oil in the adjacent machinery room excelerated the blaze and between ten and fifteen thousand pounds of damage was done. Then, around two in the morning on May 25, 1953, there was another fire in a locker room that caused a further three thousand pounds of damage. Dozens of pairs of skates went up in flames and the local police launched an investigation. By this time, the Glaciarium was already in liquidation. It was sold in the summer of 1953, renovated and converted to a square dance hall. Despite its short run, the Moonah Glaciarium's memory lingers today... a very unique footnote in figure skating history.

Skate Guard is a blog dedicated to preserving the rich, colourful and fascinating history of figure skating. Over ten years, the blog has featured over a thousand free articles covering all aspects of the sport's history, as well as four compelling in-depth features. To read the latest articles, follow the blog on FacebookTwitterPinterest and YouTube. If you enjoy Skate Guard, please show your support for this archive by ordering a copy of figure skating reference books "The Almanac of Canadian Figure Skating", "Technical Merit: A History of Figure Skating Jumps" and "A Bibliography of Figure Skating": https://skateguard1.blogspot.com/p/buy-book.html.

Toe-Loop's In Texas: The Sully Kothmann Story

Olympic figure skaters Lucile Ann Ash and Sully Kothmann
Lucile Ann Ash and Sully Kothmann

In the first half of the twentieth century, figure skating wasn't exactly a sport that thrived in the America's Deep South. In the late forties, the state of Texas only played host to three permanent ice rinks - the Texas Ice Palace in Beaumont, the Dallas Ice Arena and the San Pedro Park Ice Co's Iceland rink in San Antonio. Ice was only installed in the Will Rogers Coliseum in Fort Worth when a touring ice show like the Ice Follies rolled into town. Despite its lack of training facilities, The Lone Star State played host to some damn fine skaters... but never one that 'made it big'. All of that changed when Sully Kothmann came along.

Sully Kothmann, the first Olympic figure skater from TexasSully Kothmann, the first Olympic figure skater from Texas

The son of Agnes Anita (Riley) and Roy Monroe Kothmann, Carlos Anesee 'Sully' Kothmann was born February 26, 1933 in Uvalde, Texas. He grew up on West Huisache Avenue in the historic neighborhood of Jefferson, San Antonio with his parents and older brother Riley, who went by 'Boots'. Boots and Sully's father was a prominent cattleman who established a number of livestock sales companies which played a big part in supporting the economies of the rural areas where they were located.

Sully Kothmann, the first Olympic figure skater from TexasSully Kothmann, the first Olympic figure skater from TexasSully Kothmann, the first Olympic figure skater from Texas

Sully first took to the ice at the age of six at the San Pedro Park Iceland rink just before World War II broke out. As a tall, lanky student at the Central Catholic High School and Jesuit College Preparatory School in San Antonio, he divided his training time between the San Pedro Park Iceland and the Dallas Ice Arena over four hours away. After graduating high school, Sully moved north to attend Colorado College and joined the Broadmoor Skating Club. It was there his skating career really took off.

Mary Ann Dorsey, Sully Kothmann, Betty Lynne Stogner, Ronnie Robertson, Dickie Vraa, Stephanie Westerfeld and Carol Keyes at the 1952 Midwestern Championships
Mary Ann Dorsey, Sully Kothmann, Betty Lynne Stogner, Ronnie Robertson, Dickie Vraa, Stephanie Westerfeld and Carol Keyes at the 1952 Midwestern Championships. Photo courtesy "Skating" magazine.

In 1952, Sully was the Midwestern Champion in junior men's and the bronze medallist in novice men's at the U.S. Championships - the first medal ever won by Texan man at the event. 

Sully Kothmann, the first Olympic figure skater from Texas

The following year, Sully and Kay Servatius took the bronze in senior pairs at the U.S. Championships. Kay received an offer to join Holiday On Ice, so Sully briefly teamed up with Frances Dorsey. The partnership didn't work out and within weeks he teamed up with Lucile Ann Ash.

Lucile Ann Ash and Sully Kothmann
Lucile Ann Ash and Sully Kothmann

In a matter of three years, Lucile and Sully won the Midwestern pairs title, three medals at the U.S. Championships, finished fourth in the North American Championships and in the top eight at two World Championships. They represented America at the 1956 Winter Olympic Games in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy, where they placed a very impressive seventh ahead of two teams who would go on to medal at the European Championships two years later. Sully was the first Texan figure skater to ever compete at the Olympics, World and North American Championships.

Video courtesy Frazer Ormondroyd

In the sixties, Sully coached at Westwood Ice Skating Studio in Los Angeles and the Van Nuys Iceland rink. Afterwards, he opened his own restaurant... which ended up going down a canyon embankment during The 1971 San Fernando Earthquake. That same year, his brother Boots passed away and he had to go back to Texas to help run one of the family businesses, the Uvalde Livestock Commission Co. A later four year offer to teach Olympic hopefuls in Australia turned into an eight year job. Sully and his wife Taylor settled moved to Arizona in 1982, where he opened his own figure skating school. Sully tragically passed away of a sudden heart attack on May 5, 1986 in Scarsdale at the age of fifty-three.

Skate Guard is a blog dedicated to preserving the rich, colourful and fascinating history of figure skating. Over ten years, the blog has featured over a thousand free articles covering all aspects of the sport's history, as well as four compelling in-depth features. To read the latest articles, follow the blog on FacebookTwitterPinterest and YouTube. If you enjoy Skate Guard, please show your support for this archive by ordering a copy of the figure skating reference books "The Almanac of Canadian Figure Skating", "Technical Merit: A History of Figure Skating Jumps" and "A Bibliography of Figure Skating": https://skateguard1.blogspot.com/p/buy-book.html.

Delightful Dancers From D.C.: The Anne Davies And Carleton Hoffner Jr. Story

U.S. Ice Dancing Champions Anne Davies And Carleton Hoffner Jr.
Photo courtesy "Skating" magazine

Born December 21, 1930 and April 23, 1931, Anne Maxwell Davies and Carleton Crosby Hoffner Jr. both came from military families. Carleton's father was a Rear Admiral who was on active duty with the U.S. Navy in Hawaii when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor in 1941. Anne's father was on active domestic service during World War II at Camp Pendleton in California.

Anne and Carleton met at the Washington (D.C.) Figure Skating Club as youngsters. They were  primarily coached by Norval Baptie, but worked with Howard Nicholson and Nancy Allard in Lake Placid in the summers. Their first 'big break' as skaters came at the 1944 Middle Atlantic Championships, when they defeated fifteen other couples to win the Silver Dance event. Never before in the history of the event had a twelve and thirteen year old won the title. As tests passed (not age) decided who qualified for the event, some of their competitors were twice their age. They went on to finish second in Silver Dance at that year's Eastern Championships. The following year at the Middle Atlantics, they were second in senior pairs and first in Gold Dance. Carleton won the junior men's title as well. Anne was also a talented singles skater, placing fifth out of twenty four entries in the novice women's event at that year's Eastern Championships. They won their first of many medals - a bronze in dance - at that year's U.S. Championships.

Anne Davies And Carleton Hoffner Jr.
Photo courtesy "Skating" magazine

At the ages of fourteen and fifteen, Anne and Carleton made history in 1946 as the youngest winners of the U.S. dance title and only the third and fourth skaters from D.C. to win a gold medal at the U.S. Championships in any discipline. Anne and Carleton also made history two of the first dozen skaters to pass the USFSA's Gold Dance Test. Anne was the youngest of the bunch and Carleton was the first double Gold Medallist, passing both Gold Dance and his Eighth Test in figures. In his book "Skating In America", ISU Historian and USFSA President Benjamin T. Wright recalled, "The quality of the compulsory dances of Davies and Hoffner was such that upon completion of their Kilian, the audience refused to permit the competition to continue until they did an encore, certainly an unprecedented occurrence in competition."

Anne Davies And Carleton Hoffner Jr.

In the years that followed, Anne and Carleton won the bronze medal at the 1949 U.S. Championships in pairs skating, two medals in ice dance at the North American Championships and six more medals at the U.S. Championships in pairs and dance, including the U.S. junior pairs title in 1948. Most remarkable was their bronze medal win in dance at the 1949 North American Championships in Philadelphia. Anne had been hospitalized with a serious kidney infection and actually checked herself out to compete but was so ill the next day that they had to withdraw from the pairs event. Anne and Carleton's skating career ended in 1951. They had been practicing in Baltimore with hopes of competing at that year's U.S. Championships, but Carleton's schedule at the United States Naval Academy had made it impossible for them to have enough time to really practice.

Photograph of U.S. Ice Dancing Champion Carleton Hoffner Jr.
Carleton Hoffner playing tennis at the United States Naval Academy

Carleton had graduated from high school at the top of his class and enrolled as a midshipman in the University Of Virginia's National Reserve Officer Training Corps program before attending the United States Naval Academy. When he wasn't skating, he was playing tennis and squash competitively or strumming his ukelele. Anne attended Woodrow Wilson High School, where she was an enthusiastic member of the cheerleading squad. She modelled clothing for a local department store.

Anne Davies with members of the Woodrow Wilson High School cheerleading squad
Anne Davies with members of the Woodrow Wilson High School cheerleading squad

Anne married Robert Sinnette Rieley, an office manager with the Blake Construction Company of Washington, D.C., in 1950. She moved to Baton Rouge, Louisiana when her husband took a job as the manager of the State Public Welfare Building. An avid gardener, swimmer and golfer, she wrote to "Skating" magazine in 1955, "Marriage, children, just plain homemaking... I really enjoy every minute of it. Our baby is a cute, curly-headed, red-haired fellow and is the joy of our lives." Sadly, Anne passed away on February 25, 1995 in Round Hill, Virginia at the age of sixty-three.

Carleton Hoffner (left) at the United States Naval Academy
Carleton Hoffner (left) at the United States Naval Academy

Carleton married registered nurse Connie Read on June 5, 1953, the same day he graduated from the Naval Academy. He served with the United States Navy in the Korean War, worked at the Pentagon and with the Defense Department, providing logistical support in Asia and South Pacific during the Vietnam War. His military and work duties took his family to Guam, Hawaii, Virginia and California. In the nineties, he got into politics, serving as a city councillor in Palo Alto. He passed away on April 21, 2020, two days before his eighty-ninth birthday.

Skate Guard is a blog dedicated to preserving the rich, colourful and fascinating history of figure skating. Over ten years, the blog has featured over a thousand free articles covering all aspects of the sport's history, as well as four compelling in-depth features. To read the latest articles, follow the blog on FacebookTwitterPinterest and YouTube. If you enjoy Skate Guard, please show your support for this archive by ordering a copy of figure skating reference books "The Almanac of Canadian Figure Skating", "Technical Merit: A History of Figure Skating Jumps" and "A Bibliography of Figure Skating": https://skateguard1.blogspot.com/p/buy-book.html.

Happy Canada Day!

Canadian flag

Happy Canada Day to all of you! 

Wondering how you can celebrate the rich history of Canadian figure skating today? I've got you covered...

WATCH A DOCUMENTARY


Released on March 14, 1984 on what is now Global Television, "The Golden Age Of Canadian Skating" was produced by Milad Bessada and hosted by newscaster Jan Tennant. It was researched and written by David Young, who released his book "The Golden Age Of Canadian Figure Skating" that year. Through interviews with eleven of Canada's figure skating legends, including the likes of Barbara Ann Scott and Donald Jackson, this special remains to this day one of the more important historical documentaries on Canadian figure skating ever produced. 

READ A BOOK


The Almanac of Canadian Figure Skating is a mammoth 432-page book crammed with fascinating facts and figures, many of which you simply can't find online.

This compelling reference book includes:

- Biographies of hundreds of skaters, coaches, choreographers, judges and builders... including many incredible people you have never even heard of.
- Detailed records of Canadian figure skating competitions dating back to the 19th century, including complete results of the Canadian Championships from the early 20th century to present day.
- Intriguing facts and figures about the governance and growth of Canada's most exciting winter sport.

Available for purchase on Amazon in paperback, hardcover, as well in as a Kindle e-book edition.


READ BLOGS, EXPLORE PHOTOS AND MORE!


Check out the Canadian Skating History board on Skate Guard's Pinterest for hundreds of blogs, photos and much, more more!

Skate Guard is a blog dedicated to preserving the rich, colourful and fascinating history of figure skating. Over ten years, the blog has featured over a thousand free articles covering all aspects of the sport's history, as well as four compelling in-depth features. To read the latest articles, follow the blog on FacebookTwitterPinterest and YouTube. If you enjoy Skate Guard, please show your support for this archive by ordering a copy of the figure skating reference books "The Almanac of Canadian Figure Skating", "Technical Merit: A History of Figure Skating Jumps" and "A Bibliography of Figure Skating": https://skateguard1.blogspot.com/p/buy-book.html.

King Of Coaches: The Pepi Weiß-Pfändler Story

Photograph of Austrian figure skating coach Pepi Weiß-Pfändler

 "Without him we wouldn't have a [winner]. The Vienna School owes him a lot." - "Neue Freie Presse", February 25, 1927

Josef 'Pepi' Weiß-Pfändler was born in Vienna, Austria in 1880. He first took to the ice at the Cottage Eislaufverein at the age of eleven. Two years later, he began skating at Eduard Engelmann's rink in Hernals and in 1896, he joined the Training-Eis-Klub. That same winter, he entered his first speed skating competition on the frozen Danube river, winning a five hundred meter race, backwards skating race and obstacle course. His successes as a speed skater continued through the Edwardian era. In 1913, he won his last five hundred and fifteen hundred meter races and was awarded the Pollak-Parnegg-Preis.

Photograph of Pepi Weiß-Pfändler on the ice with other skaters in Austria

It wasn't until the age of thirty three, when he retired from speed skating, that Pepi started seriously pursuing speed skating. He started training for the 1914 European Championships, which were to be held in Vienna, but was talked out of it by the Österreichischer Eislauf-Verband's future President Hans Pfeiffer, who felt he could best serve the sport as an instructor. After one winter teaching at the Engelmann rink just before the Great War, he took a position as the head trainer at the prestigious Wiener Eislaufverein. 

Austrian figure skaters Pepi Weiß-Pfändler and Fritzi Burger
Austrian figure skaters Ludwig Wrede, Herma Szabo, Pepi Weiß-Pfändler and Willy Böckl
Top: Pepi Weiß-Pfändler and Fritzi Burger. Bottom: Ludwig Wrede, Herma Szabo, Pepi Weiß-Pfändler and Willy Böckl.

From the early twentieth century until World War II, Austrian skaters dominated the international figure skating scene, bringing home dozens of medals at the European and World Championships... and Pepi had a hand in coaching nearly all of them. Over the years, he was the trainer of no less than thirteen Olympic Medallists: Karl Schäfer, Herma Szabo and Ludwig Wrede, Willy Böckl, Helene Engelmann and Alfred Berger, Fritzi Burger, Lilly Scholz and Otto Kaiser, Melitta Brunner, Felix Kaspar and Ilse and Erik Pausin. At one point or another, he also gave lessons to a fourteenth Olympic Gold Medallist, Sonja Henie.

Austrian figure skating coach Pepi Weiß-Pfändler with Austrian figure skater Fritzi Burger
Pepi Weiß-Pfändler and Fritzi Burger

After the Great War, Pepi worked with several pre-War champion skaters, including World Champions Gilbert Fuchs and Fritz Kachler and European Champion Ernst Herz. His other students included Karl Mejstrik, Idi Papez and Karl Zwack, Hilde Holovsky, Paula Zalaudek, Grete Lainer, Hedy Stenuf, Hanne Niernberger, Erich Erdös, Ilse Hornung, Liselotte Landbeck, Gisela Reichmann, Dr. Hugo Distler, Herbert Alward, Emil and Herta Ratzenhofer, Otto Preißecker and Ernst Oppacher. Skaters that Pepi taught won over eighty medals at the World Championships - a record that no modern coach can come to close to touching. It's important to recognize that the coach/skater relationships in Pepi's day weren't the same as today. There was no coach travelling to every competition, sitting in a kiss n' cry area and holding their skate guards. They were largely self-sufficient, but the intermittent lessons they had with their trainers in between these competitions played a very important role in their development.

In an interview with Harrington E. Crissey Jr. for "The Journal of the Figure Skating Historical Society" in 1994, Melitta Brunner recalled, "Weisz was paid a salary by the Wiener Eislauf Verein rather than having his students pay him. He wouldn't just take anyone under his wing; he would send out talent scouts on the rink - it was a very large rink, one of the biggest in Europe. The scouts, who were skaters who taught the general public, would comb the rink for children with ability. These children were taken to a special portion of the rink for training on a two-week trial basis. If Weisz didn't feel the chid merited instruction, he or she would be let go. That's how Vienna became so well known for its skating instruction. People from all over the world studied at the Wiener Eislauf Verein. One day, right after the Chamonix Olympics of 1924, a young girl showed up to have lessons with Pepi Weisz. When I asked who the girl was, I learned she had skated in the Olympics and finished last. I thought she looked very good. It was Sonja Henie. Wilhelm Henie, Sonja's father, was a top Norwegian fur merchant and a smart guy. When the 1924 Olympics ended, he asked where Herma Szabo, the gold medalist, had trained and found that she studied with Weisz at the Wiener Eislauf Verein; so he headed there and stayed at the Imperial Hotel. He used Sonja to help his business by dressing her up in a mink coat and fur hats and while Sonja had daily lessons from Weisz for a month, Papa Henie took orders from Viennese fur merchants."

Lilly Weiller, Pepi Weiß-Pfändler, Fritzi Burger, Ilse Hornung and Edith Hecht
Lilly Weiller, Pepi Weiß-Pfändler, Fritzi Burger, Ilse Hornung and Edith Hecht

The skaters that listened to Pepi clearly succeeded, and unfortunately one skater who didn't paid the ultimate price. In November of 1934, Pepi expressly forbade a twenty-three year old ice clown named Oskar Loschitz from practicing a somersault on the ice. Oskar waited until Pepi wasn't around, tried it anyway and smashed his head. He was taken to the hospital and died of cerebral bleeding not long after.

The Eislaufstlefel, 1930's model of Austrian figure skating boots
The Eislaufstlefel, a brand of skating boots endorsed by Pepi in the thirties

Pepi's talents extended far beyond figure and speed skating. He also worked with Vienna's hockey teams and speed skaters and enjoyed playing bandy, hunting, skiing, cycling, fencing, boxing and wrestling. He was a member of the Danube rowing team and by all accounts, and excellent marksman. His greatest love, however, was music. For over thirty years, he played the cornet and flugelhorn with the Wiener Volksoper orchestra.

In 1934, Pepi was honoured by the Wiener Eislaufverein for his twenty years of service, "care and tireless zeal". He retired a few years later, leaving the club's skaters in the hands of Gustav Hügel and Anton Steiner. He passed away after a long illness on May 25, 1939 at the age of fifty-nine. Two months before his death, Vienna's Vice-Mayor presented him with a certificate on behalf of the city, noting his contribution to skating in Austria. Sadly, since his death, his contributions to the sport have gone almost completely unnoticed... and he's yet to have been inducted to the World Figure Skating Hall Of Fame.

Skate Guard is a blog dedicated to preserving the rich, colourful and fascinating history of figure skating. Over ten years, the blog has featured over a thousand free articles covering all aspects of the sport's history, as well as four compelling in-depth features. To read the latest articles, follow the blog on FacebookTwitterPinterest and YouTube. If you enjoy Skate Guard, please show your support for this archive by ordering a copy of the figure skating reference books "The Almanac of Canadian Figure Skating", "Technical Merit: A History of Figure Skating Jumps" and "A Bibliography of Figure Skating": https://skateguard1.blogspot.com/p/buy-book.html.